SANSKRIT SCIENTIST, POETS, LITERATURE
Ancient Scientist :
Aryabhatta :
Aryabhatta was the great Mathematician.The period of Aryabhatta was 500 BC to 400 BC. He has written on Mathematics and astronomy. Aryabhatiya was his famous book. In this grantha‚ he has explained about Trigonometry and Algebra followed fractions‚ quadratic equations‚ Sine tables and arithmetic calculations.
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Bhaskara :
Bhaskaracharya was the Indian Mathematician during the period of 600 BC to 700 BC. He is the first mathematician to write Zero in Hindu Arabic decimal system. Also‚ he had stated the details and confirmed rational approximation of the Sine function in continuation to Aryabhata’s. He has written Mahabhaskariya and Laghubhaskariya which are based on astronomical concepts.
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Brahmagupta :
Brahmagupta was an Indian Mathematician. He is reknowned as astronomer. It is believed that the period of his work was 600 BC to 700 BC. He wrote Brahmasphutasiddhanta‚ Cadamekela‚ Khandakhadyaka and Durkeamynarda. He was the head of the astronomical observatory at Ujjain.
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Sushruta :
Sushruta was the Indian scientist who wrote the Sushrut Samhita. In Sushrut Samhita‚ he has described the diseases and medicines. It is considered as the encyclopedia of medical science. It consists 184 chapters in which thousands of illness‚ hundreds of plants & their uses in medicines‚ preparations from mineral and animals.
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Charak :
Charak was not only the thinker for ancient science but also was the developer of Ayurveda. His period is 300 BC. His famous Charak Samhita is the oldest invention in Ayurveda on Internal Medicine. Charak Samhita and Sushrut– Samhita are the important sources of Medical Science since ancient days.
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Baudhayana :
Baudhayana was the oldest Indian Mathematician. Baudhayana Sulbasûtra was developed by Baudhayan in the period of 800 BC. This is based on the Yajurveda.
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Kanad :
Maharshi Kanad was the pioneer of Atomic theory. He has stated that each and every matter is made up of a smallest particle. The smallest particles create the molecules of the matter. Kanad has defined the chemical reaction of atoms and the dimensions and the motion of the atom.
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Poets‚ Writters :
Valmiki :
Valmiki is called as Adikavi‚ means the first poet. Valmiki has written Ramayana‚ which is known as the Adikavya. It is the mirror of life of Rama. He has composed Ramayana which‚ is played and being sung in most of the Asian countries as the cultural and religious one.
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Vyasa :
Maharshee Vedvyas has complied the Samhitas & Puranas. He wrote Mahabharata and Bhagwat Puranam. He has touched all the human values in the Mahabharata It is not only a story of the battle between Kauravas and Pandavas but is an excellent mode of convention of moral performances.
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Jayadeva :
Jaideva was a poet in the period of 12th Century A.D. He was in the court of Raja Laxman Sen belongs to Bengal. He is famous for his Geet Govinda. He was the devotee of Lord Krishna. Geet Govinda explains us the virtuous love of Radha and Krushna.
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Kalidas :
Kalidasa was the poet of India and added the golden lining to the Indian Poetry since last two thousand years. He has written 7 texts having poems‚ plays & Mahakavyas. Ritusamhara and Meghdutam are the two Lyric Poems‚ Kumarasambhavam & Raghuvamsham are the two Mahakavyas and Malavikagnimitram‚ Vikramorvashiyam and abhijnanashakuntalam are three Plays.
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Bhas :
Bhasa was one of the ancient dramatist in Sanskrit Literature. His 13 plays are known in today’s world. He has written these plays based on Ramayana & Mahabharata. He presented new concept in Sanskrit Drama as like one act play.
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Harsha :
Harsha‚ is known as Harshavardhana. He was the second son of Prabhakarvardhana in the period of 600 A.D. He has written Nagananda‚ Ratnavali and Priyadarshika.
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Sanskrit literature :
Rugveda :
Rugveda is the oldest veda. Rugveda is explanatory & theoretical. It consists of many Suktas and Mandalas. The prayers of God are in the form of Ruchas.
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Yajurveda :
Yajurveda is one of the vedas. It is related with the sacrifice and action. It belongs to two Shakhas. One branch is Shukla (White) Yajurveda and another is Krushna (Black) Yajurveda
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Samveda :
Samveda is the part of Musical prayers. Words and Vocal Mantras are dependent on the correctness of the Swara (high & low notes with proper rhythm). Shadaja‚ Rishabha‚ Gandhara‚ Madhyama‚ Panchama‚ Dhaiwata‚ and Nishada are main swara generally known as Sa‚ Re‚ Ga‚ Ma‚ Pa‚ Dha‚ Ni.
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Atharvaveda :
This is the last Veda which explores the life with ease and cheerful. Some of the suktas and Kandas of Atharvaveda are picked from Rigveda.
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Upanishad :
Upanishadas are the conclusion of all Vedas. It is also called as Vedant. Upanishadas are full of philosophy‚ highest power of knowledge and examples of divine life.
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Aranyake :
Aranyakas are very closed to Upanishadas. They are the links of Bhrahman Granthas to Upanishadas. The third Ashram – Vanaprasthashram is elaborated in Aranyakas.
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Bhrahman Granthas :
These granthas explain the custom of Vedas. Bhrahman Granthas consist the cultural‚ philosophical‚ historical‚ social and political knowledge.
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List of Universities who offers Sanskrit Courses
A
Allahabad University‚ Allahabad – 211 002
Ganganatha Research Institute‚ Allahabad – 211 001
Gujarat University‚ Ahmedahad – 380 009
B.J. Institute of Learning and Research, Ahmedabad – 380 001
L.D. Institute of Indology‚ Ahmedabad – 380 001
Gujarat University‚ Ahmedahad – 380 009
B
M.S. University of Baroda‚ Baroda
Baroda Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya‚ Baroda
Oriental Institute‚ Baroda
Burdwan University‚ Burdwan – 713 101
Utkal University‚ Bhubaneshwar – 751 001
C
Government Sanskrit College‚ Calcutta – 700 001
Calcutta University‚ Calcutta – 700 001
Calicut University‚ Calicut – 673 635
Maharaja College‚ Chhatrapur – 471 001
The Kuppuswami Sastri Research Institute‚ Mylapore‚ Chennai – 600 004
The Adyar Library and Research Centre‚ Adyar‚ Chennai – 600 020
D
Karnataka University‚ Dharwad – 580 001
Lal Bahadur Shastri Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeetha‚ Delhi
Bharatiya Vidya Samsthan‚ Darya Ganj‚ Delhi – 110 002
Bhogilal Leherchand Institute of Indology‚ Delhi
G
University of Guwahati‚ Guwahati – 781 014 (Assam)
H
Vishveshwaranand Institute and Sanskrit and Indologicol Studies‚ Punjab University‚ Hoshiarpur – 146 001
Vishveshwaranand Vedic Research Institute‚ Hoshiarpur – 146 001
I
Sanskrit College‚ Indore – 452 001
J
University of Jabalpur‚ Jabalpur – 482 001
The University Department of Sanskrit‚ Jaipur – 302 001
Prahya Vidya Pratishthan‚ Jaipur – 302 001
K
Kurukshetra University‚ Kurukshetra – 132 118
M
University of Bombay‚ Mumbai – 400 001
Gama Oriental Research Institute‚ Mumbai – 400 001
Oriental Research Institute‚ Mysore – 570 001
Central Institute of Indian Languages‚ Manasagangotri‚ (Mysore) – 570 006
University of Mysore‚ Mysore – 570 005
Office of Chief Epigraphist‚ Archaeological Survey of India‚ Mysore – 570 001
N
Nagpur University‚ Nagpur – 440 001
P
K.P. Jaiswal Research Institute‚ Museum Building‚ Patna – 800 001
Patna University‚ Patna – 800 005
Department of Sanskrit‚ Panjabi University‚ Patiala – 147 001
Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute‚ Pune – 411 001
Deccan College Post – graduate and Research Institute‚ Pune – 411 001
Tilak Maharastra Vidyapeeth‚ Pune – 411 001
Poona Vidyapeeth‚ Pune – 411 001
Centre of Advanced Study in Sanskrit‚ University of Poona‚ Pune – 411 001
Vaidik Samsodhan Mandal‚ Pune‚ 411 001
T
S.V. University Oriental Research Institute‚ Tirupathi – 517 501
Kerala University‚ Kariavattom‚ Trivandrum – 695 581
S
K.P. Jaiswal Research Institute‚ Museum Building‚ Patna – 800 001
Patna University‚ Patna – 800 005
Department of Sanskrit‚ Panjabi University‚ Patiala – 147 001
Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute‚ Pune – 411 001
Deccan College Post – graduate and Research Institute‚ Pune – 411 001
Tilak Maharastra Vidyapeeth‚ Pune – 411 001
Poona Vidyapeeth‚ Pune – 411 001
Centre of Advanced Study in Sanskrit‚ University of Poona‚ Pune – 411 001
Vaidik Samsodhan Mandal‚ Pune‚ 411 001
U
Vikram University‚ Ujjain – 456 010
Scindia Oriential Research Institute‚ Ujjain – 456 001
V
Kashi Vidyapeeth‚ Varanasi – 246 437
Sardar Patel University‚ Vallabh Vidyanagar
W
Andhra University‚ Waltair – 530 004